{一}
、數控機床維修改造中的問題

jinnianlai，suizhewoguojishudebuduanfazhan，woguodeshukongjichuangjishuyefazhan
，jiangqiyingyongdaoxiandaiqiyezhong

，keyiweiqiyedailaidadejingjixiaoyi。danshizaishichangjingjibuduanfazhandejinchengzhong
，qiyezhijiandejingzhengliyuelaiyuejilie，weilezaijiliedeshichangjingzhengzhongtuoyingerchu，jiuyaoduishukongjichuangjishujinxingbuduangaijin。shukongjichuangdejiegouhezhongleibijiaofuza
，zaishijideshukongxitongweixiugaizaozhonghuiyudaohenduowenti。

1數控機床的操作環境存在問題

數控機床設備的操作和運行需要在特定
、適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)中(zhong)，一(yi)般(ban)需(xu)要(yao)在(zai)恒(heng)溫(wen)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)工(gong)作(zuo)才(cai)能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)設(she)備(bei)的(de)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)。當(dang)設(she)備(bei)在(zai)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)
，如(ru)果(guo)運(yun)行(xing)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)發(fa)生(sheng)過(guo)大(da)的(de)變(bian)化(hua)，就(jiu)會(hui)對(dui)設(she)備(bei)的(de)一(yi)些(xie)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)使(shi)損(sun)壞(huai)，從(cong)而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)設(she)備(bei)不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)。另(ling)外(wai)
，如(ru)果(guo)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)在(zai)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)將(jiang)其(qi)與(yu)有(you)電(dian)磁(ci)幹(gan)擾(rao)功(gong)能(neng)的(de)設(she)備(bei)或(huo)者(zhe)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)較(jiao)大(da)振(zhen)動(dong)的(de)設(she)備(bei)放(fang)在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)
，也(ye)會(hui)對(dui)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)內(nei)部(bu)構(gou)件(jian)使(shi)不(bu)良(liang)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。對(dui)於(yu)容(rong)易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)噴(pen)散(san)的(de)設(she)備(bei)，應(ying)該(gai)安(an)裝(zhuang)一(yi)個(ge)防(fang)護(hu)門(men)對(dui)其(qi)進(jin)行(xing)保(bao)護(hu)。但(dan)是(shi)在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)中(zhong)，很(hen)多(duo)會(hui)噴(pen)散(san)的(de)設(she)備(bei)都(dou)沒(mei)有(you)安(an)裝(zhuang)防(fang)護(hu)門(men)。一(yi)些(xie)特(te)定(ding)的(de)設(she)備(bei)需(xu)要(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照(zhao)安(an)裝(zhuang)規(gui)定(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)，但(dan)是(shi)在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)的(de)操(cao)作(zuo)中(zhong)
，工(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)過(guo)於(yu)隨(sui)意(yi)，對(dui)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)構(gou)件(jian)沒(mei)有(you)安(an)裝(zhuang)。在(zai)設(she)備(bei)的(de)運(yun)行(xing)車(che)間(jian)內(nei)，如(ru)果(guo)出(chu)現(xian)這(zhe)大(da)量(liang)的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)粉(fen)塵(chen)或(huo)者(zhe)灰(hui)塵(chen)，也(ye)會(hui)對(dui)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)設(she)備(bei)的(de)元(yuan)器(qi)件(jian)使(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)，使(shi)其(qi)的(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)阻(zu)減(jian)少(shao)，從(cong)而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)發(fa)生(sheng)故(gu)障(zhang)。

2亂接中線、電氣設備保護不到位

在實際的運行過程中，相關技術要求電器內部的中線不能和保護接地線連在一起，在機械電櫃的內部也不能安裝PEjianyongduanzi。danshicongshijiqingkuanglaikan
，youyugongzuorenyuanquefaduizhefangmianderenshi
，daozhizaishukongjichuangdeweixiuguochengzhongjiangjichuangdeliangxianlianjiezaiyiqi
，congerxingchengleyigededianya
，huiduigongzuorenyuanshiweihai。shukongjichuangdedonglishebeishidiandongji，diandongjizaiyunxingguochengzhong，ruguoredudadaodechengdu
，jiuhuishidiandongjishaohui。suoyi，zaishijideshukongjichuangyunxingguochengzhong
，ruguoyaolianxugongzuo，shidiandongjidadao500W以(yi)上(shang)，就(jiu)要(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的(de)保(bao)護(hu)，進(jin)行(xing)散(san)熱(re)。但(dan)是(shi)在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)中(zhong)，散(san)熱(re)保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)並(bing)不(bu)配(pei)套(tao)，因(yin)此(ci)，散(san)熱(re)效(xiao)果(guo)不(bu)好(hao)
，對(dui)熱(re)度(du)的(de)敏(min)感(gan)程(cheng)度(du)達(da)不(bu)到(dao)要(yao)求(qiu)。但(dan)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的(de)熱(re)度(du)超(chao)過(guo)規(gui)定(ding)值(zhi)之(zhi)後(hou)，保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)沒(mei)有(you)同(tong)步(bu)。

3電源非單一狀態引起的問題

數控機床對dui電dian源yuan的de要yao求qiu較jiao高gao，因yin此ci
，在zai實shi際ji的de操cao作zuo過guo程cheng中zhong應ying該gai采cai用yong專zhuan門men的de電dian源yuan，但dan是shi從cong實shi際ji情qing況kuang來lai看kan，很hen多duo數shu控kong機ji床chuang並bing沒mei有you采cai用yong單dan一yi的de電dian源yuan，往wang往wang在zai電dian源yuan處chu另ling外wai引yin線xian。但dan機ji床chuang發fa生sheng故gu障zhang需xu要yao維wei修xiu時shi，並bing沒mei有you將jiang電dian源yuan切qie斷duan，而er是shi設she備bei的de電dian源yuan切qie斷duan，從cong而er帶dai來lai隱yin患huan。

4數控操作人員導致的問題數控機床在(zai)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)
，要(yao)求(qiu)數(shu)控(kong)操(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)意(yi)識(shi)，並(bing)熟(shu)悉(xi)掌(zhang)握(wo)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)相(xiang)關(guan)操(cao)作(zuo)。數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)設(she)備(bei)結(jie)構(gou)非(fei)常(chang)複(fu)雜(za)
，其(qi)危(wei)險(xian)係(xi)統(tong)比(bi)較(jiao)大(da)，如(ru)果(guo)數(shu)控(kong)操(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)在(zai)安(an)裝(zhuang)和(he)操(cao)作(zuo)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)沒(mei)有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)意(yi)識(shi)，沒(mei)有(you)按(an)照(zhao)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)進(jin)行(xing)安(an)裝(zhuang)操(cao)作(zuo)
，不(bu)僅(jin)會(hui)對(dui)設(she)備(bei)本(ben)身(shen)使(shi)傷(shang)害(hai)
，同(tong)時(shi)還(hai)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)帶(dai)來(lai)各(ge)種(zhong)隱(yin)患(huan)。

{二}、數控機床平時的保養與維護工作

1製定係統完善的保養規定

shukongxitongzaizhizaozuoyezhongfahuizhezhongyaodezuoyong
，youyushukongjichuangdejingchangshiyong，jiushideshukongxitongzhongdelingjianfashengpojiuhuolaohuadexianxiang。womenyinggaiduixitongjinxingdingqidebaoyangyuweihu，zhejiuxuyaozhidingwanshandebaoyangguiding
，fangzhigezhongguzhangdefasheng
，meitiandouyaoduiyixielingbujianjinxingqingjiehuohuan，zheyangcainengshishukongjichuangdeyunzuoxiaqu。

2定期對散熱和通風係統進行清潔

數控機床每(mei)天(tian)都(dou)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)，在(zai)工(gong)作(zuo)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)很(hen)大(da)的(de)熱(re)量(liang)以(yi)及(ji)塵(chen)土(tu)雜(za)物(wu)等(deng)
，因(yin)此(ci)定(ding)期(qi)對(dui)散(san)熱(re)係(xi)統(tong)和(he)通(tong)風(feng)係(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)潔(jie)和(he)維(wei)護(hu)。如(ru)果(guo)不(bu)進(jin)行(xing)定(ding)期(qi)的(de)清(qing)理(li)和(he)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)大(da)修(xiu)，通(tong)風(feng)係(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行(xing)堵(du)塞(sai)或(huo)散(san)熱(re)不(bu)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)話(hua)就(jiu)會(hui)很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)使(shi)機(ji)器(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)，使(shi)經(jing)濟(ji)損(sun)失(shi)。

3盡量少開啟重要操作係統的門

數控機床每mei天tian的de工gong作zuo量liang很hen大da
，使shi很hen多duo的de塵chen土tu和he雜za物wu，如ru果guo總zong是shi開kai著zhe重zhong要yao操cao作zuo係xi統tong的de門men的de話hua，就jiu會hui使shi各ge種zhong雜za物wu進jin入ru係xi統tong，從cong而er影ying響xiang操cao作zuo的de度du，甚shen至zhi會hui使shi零ling件jian損sun壞huai。因yin此ci應ying對dui操cao作zuo人ren員yuan進jin行xing嚴yan格ge的de規gui定ding，沒mei有you情qing況kuang不bu允yun許xu經jing常chang打da開kai重zhong要yao操cao作zuo係xi統tong的de櫃gui門men。

4所用電池定期進行換

數控機床demeitiangongzuoqiangduda，duidianchidianliangheshiyongshoumingdehaosunyefeichangyanzhong。jishiduidianchijinxinghuankeyishijichuangdeyunzuobaochichongzudedianliang，bingqiejianshaoxitongdesunhaochengdu。

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